讲故事的历史学家:史景迁的写作、史观与道德立场( 十 )

史景迁的作品之所以能够吸引学术圈外的普通读者,很大程度上是因为他文笔流畅,行云流水,作品具有上佳的可读性。对于译者来说,如何忠实地表现史景迁原著的风貌是最大的问题。在理想国“史景迁作品”系列之前,不少史景迁著作曾有过中文译本,然而质量良莠不齐,因此广西师范大学出版社总编辑刘瑞琳策划集中了所有中文译本,邀请郑培凯和鄢秀做主编,选择优秀可靠的译本为底本,重新校订出版。鄢秀表示,在校订过程中他们确实发现了很多问题,在尊重译者原文的基础上再三斟酌,回溯种种中文原始史料,力求更加贴近原著。

严复提出的“信达雅”是中国翻译界流传至今的三大原则,在鄢秀看来,“信”比较容易做到(校订过程中她发现有些硬伤就出在“信”方面),“达”(通顺、通达)也可以做到,但“雅”就是见仁见智的事了。“史景迁讲故事,故事中有人物、场景、历史背景,他要把它说清楚,而且要考虑到读者不光是专业人士。学问做得好的学者能够深入浅出,其实‘深入’很多人都能做到,而‘浅出’确实就非常困难。”关于如何斟酌、推敲出最恰当的译文,鄢秀以《王氏之死》中的一段话为例:

“My reactions to woman Wang have been ambiguous and profound. She has been to me like one of those stones that one sees shimmering though the water at low tide and picks up from the waves almost with regret, knowing that in a few moments the colors suffusing the stone will fade and disappear as the stone dries in the sun. But in this case the colors and veins did not fade; rather they grew sharper as they lay in my hand, and now and again I knew it was the stone itself that was passing on warmth to the living flesh that held it.”

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